Durud | In Praise of the Prophet saw

by Ismail Ebrahim

In the Name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.

It is among the prescriptions of the Shari'ah (Islamic Law) to recite Salutations and Blessings upon Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم as is evident in the following Qur’anic verse : "Undoubtedly, Allah and His Angels send blessings on the Prophet (the Communicator of Unseen News), O you who believe ! Send upon him blessings and salute him fully well in abundance"

[Surah al-Ahzab, Verse 56].

Allah Almighty in the Holy Qur’an has enjoined the performance of many things by us such as Salaat, Fasting, Hajj etc. and has praised His Prophets and described their good qualities.

He created Sayyidina Adam عليه السلام and directed the Angels to make sajda (prostration) to him. However, he does not say in any of His directions, "I (Allah) am doing it, therefore you should do likewise". This honor was exclusively conferred upon our Beloved Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم . Here, in the above verse, Allah Almighty at the very outset attributed salawat (recital of blessings) on our Beloved Prophet Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم , first to Himself (Sunnat iIaahi), then to His Angels (Sunnat il-Malaa'ika), and after this enjoined on the Muslims (Sunnat il-Mu'mineen) to do the same, by saying, "Undoubtedly, Allah and His Angels send blessings on the Prophet (the Communicator of Unseen News), O you who believe ! Send upon him blessings and salute him fully well in abundance". There cannot be a greater honor for the Believers than this, who have been favored with a share in this Divine Action by Allah Almighty and His Angels.

It is stated in the commentary of the Qur’an, Tafseer Ruh al-Bayaan, "Some Ulema are of the opinion that the meaning of Allah's blessing is, to raise Sayyidina Muhammad Mustafa صلى الله عليه وسلم to al-maqaam il-mahmood (Glorious Station), the place from where he will intercede with Allah Almighty on behalf of his Ummat; the Angels' blessing means their prayer for enhancing the position of Sayyidina Muhammad Mustafa صلى الله عليه وسلم and beseeching forgiveness for his followers. Blessings on the path of the believers means to obey, love and eulogize him."

Tafseer Ruh al-Bayaan further states that the honor and reverence shown to Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم is of a much greater degree than shown to Sayyidina Adam عليه السلام to whom only angels were made to bow down (in honor). For in honoring Sayyidina Muhammad Mustafa صلى الله عليه وسلم Allah Almighty has also attributed it to Himself, whereas in the case of Sayyidina Adam عليه السلام Allah Almighty asked only the Angels to show honor.

Having established and expounded on the injunction of the Holy Qur’an we quote a few ahadith of the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم pertaining to salawat and salaam.

Imam Tibraani (rahmat ullah `alayh) has recorded this Hadith narrated by Sayyidina Abu Darda رضي الله عنهم: The Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:

"Increase your recitation of salawat on me on Friday because on this day Angels present themselves to me. There is no servant of Allah who recites salawat upon me, except that his voice reaches me from wherever he is". The Companions asked even after your departure ? "He replied, Yes after my departure too, because Allah has made it Haraam upon the earth to consume the bodies of the Prophets". [1]

“On Fridays recite the Salawat for me repeatedly ! The Salawat will be conveyed to me." [2] When it was asked whether it would be conveyed to him after his wisaal also, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم answered, "Soil does not rot Prophets' bodies. Whenever a Muslim says the Salawat for me, an Angel informs me of it and says, 'So-and-so's son, so-and-so of your Ummah sent his Salaam and prayed for you.'"

Sahl ibn Sa`d رضي الله عنهم narrates: Allah's Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم came out and met Abu Talha. The latter rose and went to him saying: "My father and mother be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah! I see joy and delight in your countenance?" The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said: "Yes, for Gabriel has just come to me saying: O Muhammad, whoever among your Community invokes blessings upon you once, Allah records for Him ten good deeds, erases from his account ten evil deeds, and raises him ten degrees because of it." [3]

"Invoke blessings upon me abundantly on Friday because it is a day that is (particularly) witnessed and the Angels witness it (abundantly). As soon as a person invokes blessings on me his invocation is shown to me until he ends it." Abu al-Darda' رضي الله عنهم said: "Even after (your) death?" The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم replied: "Verily, Allah has forbidden the earth to consume the bodies of Prophets." [4]

Some made the initial addition of the following: "The best of your days is Friday, for in it Adam was created, and in it his soul was taken back, and in it is the blowing of the Horn, and in it is the universal Seizure, therefore invoke blessings upon me abundantly on Friday…” [5]

The Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم says in a Hadith, "Definitely there are many Angels of Allah that sojourn the earth and bring the Salaam of my Ummat to me". [6]

Sayyidina 'Abd ar-Rahman bin 'Auf رضي الله عنهم says that one day the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم came and entered a date garden. There he performed a very long prostration. Sayyidina 'Abd ar-Rahman رضي الله عنهم feared that Allah had sent death to him. He drew close to him and began to look at him. The Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم raised his holy head from the prostration and asked what had happened to him, then he disclosed his fear to him. At this, the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said Sayyidina Jibra'il ('alaihis salaam) asked whether he should not give him glad tidings that Allah said that He would send blessings to the person who recited the Holy Qur'an on him and peace and security to the person who bade Salutations to him.[7]